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In this post I will show the existence of a family of polynomials that are very useful for interpolation. For that I will use what are known as Lagrange polynomials.
Claim: given n+1 pairs (xi,yi) with 0≤i≤n and with xi≠xj whenever i≠j, there exists a polynomial p(x) of degree at most n such that p(xi)=yi, i=0,⋯,n
Twitter proof: consider the polynomial li(x)=∏j≠ix−xjxi−xj
In a future post I will show the uniqueness of the polynomial satisfying the constraints in the claim.
Claim: given n+1 pairs (xi,yi) with 0≤i≤n and with xi≠xj whenever i≠j, there exists a polynomial p(x) of degree at most n such that p(xi)=yi, i=0,⋯,n
Twitter proof: consider the polynomial li(x)=∏j≠ix−xjxi−xj
with li(xi)=1 and li(xj)=0 whenever j≠i. Define p(x) to be p(x)=n∑i=0yili(x)
p(x) has degree at most n because so do the li(x) and p(xk)=∑iyili(xk)=yk.
In a future post I will show the uniqueness of the polynomial satisfying the constraints in the claim.
- RGS
Twitter proof: interpolating polynomials
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November 19, 2018
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